MBA入学英语阅读100篇精粹-参考译文及答案与详解(23-1)
网络资源 半岛在线注册/2009-01-16
For the last two years, many of the best and brightest
men in my business have been pleading guilty to illegal
acts and marching off to jail. Successful, wealthy,
intelligent men turned out to be greedy, arrogant and
corrupt.
Why7 Because this situation reflects one of the
realities of the so-called service society. Whereas making
things, and the activities related to products, were the
main preoccupation of prior generations,making money, and
the activities related to money, are the driving forces of
our society today.
To be wealthy is not sinful; nor is poverty a virtue.
But the pursuit of wealth and power is so pervasive today
as to create something that may be entirely new in America-
namely, a money culture. When such a culture grows side by
side with extreme poverty, it is potentially dangerous.
A recent article indicated that business schools were
going to encourage, the study of ethics as part of the
curriculum. If graduate schools have to discover ethics,
then we are truly in serious trouble.
I no more believe that ethics can be taught past the
age of 16 than I believe in the teaching of socalled
creative writing. There are some things that you are born
with, or they are taught by your parents,your priest or
your teachers. But not in college or in graduate school.
The issue of ethics, both in business and in
politics, takes on a sharper focus in the money culture of
a service economy than in our earlier, industrial days. One
of societys main economic activities consists in the
buying and selling of stocks, bonds, eomm0dities, real
estate, insurance, mutual funds and foreign exchange.
Commerce has become depersonalized, carried on by
individuals located in rooms,talking into telephones and
looking at computer screens, thousands of miles removed
from each other.There is no discipline applied to the
activity other than its ability to generate profit.
Movements of capital and the paper economy related to it
are the results of all economic activities.
For the businessmen and the politicians who function
in such an environment virtually the only discipline that
can be applied is ethical. Financial scandals are not new,
nor is political corruption. However,the potential profit,
and the easy with which they can be made from insider
trading, market manipulation, conflict-of-interest
transactions and many other illegal or unethical activities
are too great and too pervasive to be ignored. At the same
time, those institutions that historically provided the
ethical basis to the society the family, the church and
the primary school are getting weaker and weaker.
Hence, we are in a dilemma.
1. The main purpose of the author in writing this passage
is
[ A ] to criticize the realities of the so-called
service society
[ B ] to advocate creating an entirely new culture-
money culture
[ G ] t0 encourage the study of ethics as part of the
curriculum in college or in graduate school
[ D ] to suggest setting up new disciplines for new
economic activities
2. The author is worried that America is becoming a
society in which
[ A ] all the best and brightest men are becoming
corrupted
[ B ] service will become the only form of economic
activities in the American society
[ C ] making products has become the driving forces of
the American society
[ D ] making money has become the main preoccupation
of the Americans
3. Which of the following best describes the authors
opinion on the issue of ethics?
[ A ] The conception of ethics has been weakening in
the American life, but not to so an extent asto cause
anxiety.
[ B ] The issues of ethics should take on shaper focus
in business than in politics.
[ C ] Ethics is something that one acquires early in
his life.
[D ] Ethics should be designed as one of the curricula
in graduate school, especially in businessschool.
4. It is implied in this passage that
[ A ] the pursuit of potential profit and the weakening
of ethics will put America in a great dilemma
[ B ] unethical activities will lead to more financial
scandals and political corruption
[ C ] the family, the church and the primary school will
eventually lose their role in providing theethical basis to
the society
[ D ] the businessmen and the politicians will
inevitably pay much attention to the strengthening of
ethics in their fields.
[参考译文及重点词汇再现]
过去两年,我公司许多最优秀、最聪明的人由于不法(illegal)行为被送进了监狱(jail)。成功(Successful)、富有(wealthy)和聪明(intelligent)之人变成了贪婪(greedy)、自大(arrogant)和腐化(corrupt)之辈。
为什么会出现这种情况?因为这种现象反映了所谓的服务性社会的一个现实(reality)。制造物品以及与产品有关的活动是前几代人的当务之急(mainpreoccupation),而赚钱(make money)以及与金钱有关的活动,是当今社会的驱动力量(drivingforce)。
想富有并没有罪(sinful);贫困(poverty)也不是一种美德(virtue)。但如今,追求(pursuit)财富和权势(power)的现象太普遍(pervasive),就像生产某种物品一样,这种物品在美国可能是全新的——也就是金钱文化。当这种文化与异常(extreme)贫困同步发展时,就会有潜在的(potentially)危险。
近期发表的一篇文章指出,许多商学院打算鼓励把伦理道德(ethic)作为课程(curriculum)的一部分进行研究。.如果研究生院不得不开设伦理道德课程,那么我们就真的会有麻烦了。
我再也不会相信过了十六岁还可以学伦理道德,正如我再也不相信过了十六岁还可以学习所谓的创造性写作一样。有些东西是你与生俱来的,或者说是你父母、牧师或是老师教给你的。但不是在大学或研究生院里教的。
伦理道德问题(issue),无论是在商界还是在政坛,更注重服务性经济的金钱文化,而不是早期的工业时代。社会的主要经济活动之一就是股票(stock)、债券(bond)、商品(commodity)、房地产(realestate)、保险(insurance)、互动资金(mutual fund)和外汇的买卖(foreign exchange)。商业(commerce)已经不受个人感情的影响,它由坐在办公室里的人、接着电话看着计算机屏幕的人、彼此相隔上千英里的人在经营。除了赚取利润(profit)的能力,商业活动不需要利用什么方法。资本运作和与之有关的纸币经济(papereconomy)就是所有经济活动的结果。
实际上,对于那些在这种环境中起作用(function)的商人和政治家(politician)来说,唯一可以利用的方法与伦理道德(ethical)有关。金融丑闻(financial scandal)不是新近出现的,政治腐败(corruption)也不是。不过,潜在的利润、可通过更深层次的交易(insidertrading)实现的富裕、市场的操纵(manipulation)、利益冲突(conflict-of-interest)的处理以及许多其它不法或不道德(unethical)行为太多、太普遍(pervasive),因此不可忽视(ignore)。与此同时,那些历史上曾给社会——家庭、教堂和小学——提供道德基础的机构,其作用正变得越来越小。所以,我们处于进退两难的境地。
(以上由曹其军老师供稿)
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