MBA备考商务英语泛读文选全集(8)
网络资源 半岛在线注册/2009-01-16
Profits Two Views
Efficient management A major cause of business failure is
improper or inadequate management of people, technology,
materials, and capital. Efficient planning, organizing,
controlling, directing, and staffing can earn satisfactory
profits. Some of the most profitable enterprises (e.g.,
Ethan Alien, Molly Maid, Blue Bell Ice Cream, H & R Block,
and Coca-Cola) are also known as well-managed businesses.
Such well-managed enterprises earn, on the average, around
5 percent profit a year on total sales. Of course, business
profit rates vary greatly by industry, size of business,
and location of the business, as well as managerial
effectiveness.
Economic profit The economist, like the businessperson,
subtracts expenses from income to find profit. But the
economist also considers opportunity cost, ( the cost of
choosing to use resources for one purpose while sacrificing
the -! next-best alternative for the use of those
resources. For example, Jana Neal, ^ owner of a small
florist shop in San Antonio, pays herself a salary of
$9,000 for r operating the business. But if she could earn
$20,000 working for a large whole- l sale florist supply
house, her opportunity cost is $11,000. The opportunity
cost is a measure of everything a person sacrifices to
attain an objective. Economic l profit, then, is what
remains after both actual expenses and opportunity costs
are subtracted from revenue earned.
One practical difficulty with the economists view of
profit involves calculating opportunity costs. In some
cases, passed-up alternatives cannot be measured in
dollars. Assigning a dollar value to a missed job
opportunity, to refusing a promotion, or to not meeting
with a potential customer because of another meeting is
difficult. The businesspersons view of profits is easier
to calculate. Therefore, in this book, we emphasize
business profit.
(待续)
